第17课,新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第35课伸张正义
lesson35 Justice was Done 伸张正义
新概念3课文内容：
The word justice is usually associated with courts of law. We might say that justice has been done when a man's innocence or guilt has been proved beyond doubt. Justice is part of the complex machinery of the law. Those who seek it, undertake an arduous journey and can never be sure that they will find it. Judges, however wise or eminent, are human and can make mistakes.
There are rare instances when justice almost ceases to be an abstract conception. Reward or punishment are meted out quite independent of human interference. At such times, justice acts like a living force. When we use a phrase like it serves him right, we are, in part, admitting that a certain set of circumstances has enabled justice to act of its own accord.
When a thief was caught on the premises of a large fur store one morning, the shop assistants must have found it impossible to resist the temptation to say 'it serves him right'. The shop was an old converted house with many large, disused fireplaces and tall, narrow chimneys. Towards midday, a girl heard a muffled cry coming from behind one of the walls. As the cry was repeated several times, she ran to tell the manager who promptly rang up the fire brigade. The cry had certainly come from one of the chimneys, but as there were so many of them, the fire fighters could not be certain which one it was. They located the right chimney by tapping at the walls and listening for the man's cries. After chipping through a wall which was eighteen inches thick, they found that a man had been trapped in the chimney. As it was extremely narrow, the man was unable to move, but the firemen were eventually able to free him by cutting a huge hole in the wall. The sorry-looking, blackened figure that emerged, at once admitted that he had tried to break into the shop during the night but had got stuck in the chimney. He had been there for nearly ten hours. Justice had been done even before the man was handed over to the police.
新概念英语3逐句精讲：
1.The word justice is usually associated with courts of law.
“正义”这个词常常是同法庭连在一起的。
语言点:be associated with 与…联系。
2.We might say that justice has been done when a man's innocence or guilt has been proved beyond doubt.
当某人被证据确凿地证明无罪的时候，我们也许会说正义得到了伸张。
语言点:句子结构分析:that引导宾语从句，交代say的内容。When引导时间状语从句，说明动作发生的时间。
3.Justice is part of the complex machinery of the law.
正义是复杂的法律机器组成部分。
语言点:句子结构分析:这句话就是一个典型的“主系表”结构。
4.Those who seek it, undertake an arduous journey and can never be sure that they will find it.
那些寻求正义的人走的是一条崎岖的道路，从来没有把握他们最终将到正义。
语言点:句子结构分析:who seek it是定语从句，修饰those。That引导宾语从句，交代can never be sure的内容。
5.Judges, however wise or eminent, are human and can make mistakes.
法官无论如何聪明与有名，毕竟也是人，也会出差错的。
语言点:句子结构分析: however wise or eminent(they are)为让步状语从句，这里省去they are是为了避免用词重复。
6.There are rare instances when justice almost ceases to be an abstract conception.
在个别情况下，正义不再是一种抽象概念。
语言点:“there are rare instances when+从句”表示“在极个别的情况下”。
7.Reward or punishment are meted out quite independent of human interference.
奖惩的实施是不受人意志支配的。
语言点:independent of的意思是“不受…影响的，与…无关的”。
8.At such times, justice acts like a living force.
在这种时候，正义像一种有生命的力量行使其职能。
语言点:句子结构分析:like a living force在句中作方式状语。
9.When we use a phrase like it serves him right, we are, in part, admitting that a certain set of circumstances has enabled justice to act of its own accord.
当我们说“他罪有应得”这句话的时候，我们部分承认了某种特定的环境使得正义自动地起了作用。
语言点1:句子结构分析:when引导时间状语从句。That引导宾语从句，交代admitting的内容。
语言点2:it serves sb.right的意思是“某人罪有应得”。
10.When a thief was caught on the premises of a large fur store one morning, the shop assistants must have found it impossible to resist the temptation to say 'it serves him right'.
一天上午，当一个小偷在一家大型珠宝店里被人抓住的时候，店员一定会忍不住说：“他罪有应得。”
语言点:句子结构分析:when引导时间状语从句，交代店员是在什么时候说这话的。
11.The shop was an old converted house with many large, disused fireplaces and tall, narrow chimneys.
那是一座老式的、经过改造的房子，店里有许多废置不用的大壁炉和又高又窄的烟囱。
语言点1:介词短语with many large,disused fireplaces and tall, narrow chimneys作定语，修饰house。
语言点2:convert的意思是“改造”，相当于recreate,reform,remodel,transform。
12.Towards midday, a girl heard a muffled cry coming from behind one of the walls.
快到中午的时候，一个女售货员听见从一堵墙里传出一种闷声闷气的叫声。
语言点:句子结构分析:现在分词短语coming from behind one of the walls作后置定语，说明“是何处传来的叫声”。
13.As the cry was repeated several times, she ran to tell the manager who promptly rang up the fire brigade.
由于这种喊叫声重复了几次，她跑去报告经理，经理当即给消防队挂了电话。
语言点1:句子结构分析:as引导原因状语从句，交代为何报告经理。Who引导定语从句，修饰manager。
语言点2:was repeated several times在本句中不可译为“被重复了几次”，而应译为主动语态。
语言点3:ring up的意思是“打电话”。
14.The cry had certainly come from one of the chimneys, but as there were so many of them, the fire fighters could not be certain which one it was.
喊叫声肯定是从烟囱里传出来的，然而，因为烟囱太多，消防队员无法确定到底是哪一个。
语言点:句子结构分析:as引导原因状语从句，as前面的but表示转折。Which one it was是宾语从句。
15.They located the right chimney by tapping at the walls and listening for the man's cries.
他们通过叫击烟囱倾叫声而确定传出声音的那个烟囱。
语言点:句子结构分析:locate by的意思是“通过该…来定位”。and并列连接tapping和listening两种“定位”方式。
16.After chipping through a wall which was eighteen inches thick, they found that a man had been trapped in the chimney.
他们凿透了18英寸厚的墙壁，发现有个人卡在烟囱里。
语言点:句子结构分析:after chipping through…作时间状语，为时间状语从句的省略式，可还原为after they chipped through…。Which引导定语从句，修饰wall,说明是“什么样的墙”。That引导宾语从句，交代found的内容。
17.As it was extremely narrow, the man was unable to move, but the firemen were eventually able to free him by cutting a huge hole in the wall.
由于烟囱太窄，那人无法动弹。消防队员在墙上挖了个大洞，才终于把他解救出来。
语言点:句子结构分析:as引导原因状语从句，说明小偷被困的原因。By cutting a huge hole in the wall是方式状语。
18.The sorry-looking, blackened figure that emerged, at once admitted that he had tried to break into the shop during the night but had got stuck in the chimney.
那个看来满脸沮丧、浑身漆黑的家伙从烟囱里一出来，就承认头天夜里他企图到店里行窍，但让烟囱卡住了。
语言点1:句子结构分析:第一个that引导定语从句，修饰figure。第二个that引导宾语从句，交代admitted的内容。
语言点2:sorry-looking不可直译为“看上去对不住人的”，而应理解为“满脸沮丧的”，经常被用来形容“相当狼狈”的样子。
20.He had been there for nearly ten hours. Justice had been done even before the man was handed over to the police.
他已经在烟囱里被困了将近10个小时。甚至在那人还没被送交给警察之前，正义就已得到了伸张。
语言点1:句子结构分析:before引导时间状语从句，注意，在翻译时先翻译后面的状语从句，再解释前面的主句比较符合汉语的表达习惯。
语言点2:hand over的意思是“移交”。
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